概述
网桥是将一台机器上的多个网口连接在一起的一种方式。网桥将网络的同一网段在数据链路层连接起来,只能连接同构网络(同一网段),不能连接异构网络(不同网段)。由于网桥转发在网络二层发生,不会经过复杂的协议栈,所以会比路由转发的效率要高。
实现方式
在 SylixOS 系统中,使用 netbr
命令来设置网桥功能。在Shell界面通过 help netbr
命令可以查看到该指令的实际使用方式。
[root@sylixos:/root]# help netbr
add / delete / control net bridge.
eg. netbr show bridge0 (Show all net device in 'bridge0' net brigdge)
netbr addbr bridge0 (Add a net brigdge named 'bridge0')
netbr delbr bridge0 (Delete a net brigdge named 'bridge0')
netbr flush bridge0 (Flush all MAC cache in net brigdge named 'bridge0')
netbr adddev bridge0 ethdev0 (Add a net device in net brigdge named 'bridge0')
netbr deldev bridge0 ethdev0 (Delete a net device from net brigdge named 'bridge0')
netbr addif bridge0 en1 (Same as 'adddev' but use interface name)
netbr delif bridge0 en1 (Same as 'deldev' but use interface name)
netbr [...]
[root@sylixos:/root]#
添加网桥
添加一个名为 bridge0 的网桥,通过命令
netbr addbr [网桥接口名]
来实现。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addbr bridge0 [ifparam]No network parameter for [bridge0] from /etc/ifparam.ini, default parameters will be used. net bridge device add ok, if index: 4. [root@sylixos:/root]#
通过
ifconfig
命令查看添加的网桥。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br3 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:00:00:00:00:00 Dev: bridge0 Ifidx: 4 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 0.0.0.0 netmask: 0.0.0.0 gateway: 0.0.0.0 broadcast: 255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0 Scope:Link<T0> BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) en2 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: be:7a:3c:c9:9a:e5 Dev: dw_1 Ifidx: 3 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.130.210 netmask: 255.255.255.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.130.255 inet6 addr: fe80::bc7a:3cff:fec9:9ae5 Scope:Link<T0> UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) en1 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: dw_0 Ifidx: 2 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 10.4.120.211 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:512 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:335 nucast packets:1372777 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:10 nucast packets:8 dropped:0 RX bytes:85060062 (81.1 MB) TX bytes:1108 (1.0 KB) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:168 (168.0 B) TX bytes:168 (168.0 B) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: en1 list net interface: 4
添加网络接口
网桥添加完成后,需要向网桥接口 bridge0 添加网络接口 en1、en2,通过命令
netbr addif [网桥接口名] [网络接口名]
来实现。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en1 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en2
通过
ifconfig
命令查看到网络接口 en1、en2 无法再配置,不再显示在Shell界面。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br3 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: bridge0 Ifidx: 4 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 0.0.0.0 netmask: 0.0.0.0 gateway: 0.0.0.0 broadcast: 255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:19 nucast packets:1335 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:7 dropped:0 RX bytes:2049956 (1.9 MB) TX bytes:546 (546.0 B) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:168 (168.0 B) TX bytes:168 (168.0 B) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: null list net interface: 2
添加网络设备
与上文的添加网络接口名类似,仅仅是将命令参数网络接口名改为了网络设备名,网络设备名通过 ifconfig
命令显示的 [Dev:] 查出。
网桥添加完成后,需要向网桥接口 bridge0 添加网络设备 dw_0、dw_1,通过命令
netbr adddev [网桥接口名] [网络设备名]
来实现。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr adddev bridge0 dw_0 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr adddev bridge0 dw_1
通过
ifconfig
命令查看到网络接口 en1、en2 无法再配置,不再显示在Shell界面。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br3 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: bridge0 Ifidx: 4 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 0.0.0.0 netmask: 0.0.0.0 gateway: 0.0.0.0 broadcast: 255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:19 nucast packets:1335 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:7 dropped:0 RX bytes:2049956 (1.9 MB) TX bytes:546 (546.0 B) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:168 (168.0 B) TX bytes:168 (168.0 B) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: null list net interface: 2
查看网桥接口信息
网桥添加完成后,可以通过命令
netbr show [网桥接口名]
来查看网桥的接口信息。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr show bridge0 <0> Dev: dw_1 Prev-Ifname: en2 Spd: N/A Linkup: Disable Prev-HWaddr: be:7a:3c:c9:9a:e5 <1> Dev: dw_0 Prev-Ifname: en1 Spd: 1000 Mbps Linkup: Enable Prev-HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98
删除网络接口
网络接口添加到网桥后,还可通过命令
netbr delif [网桥接口名] [网络接口名]
来实现。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr delif bridge0 en1 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr delif bridge0 en2
通过
ifconfig
命令查看到网络接口可以再次配置,接口名由 en1、en2 变成了 en4、en5。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig en5 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: be:7a:3c:c9:9a:e5 Dev: dw_1 Ifidx: 6 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.130.210 netmask: 255.255.255.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.130.255 inet6 addr: fe80::bc7a:3cff:fec9:9ae5 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:6 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:448 (448.0 B) en4 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: dw_0 Ifidx: 5 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 10.4.120.211 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:512 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:8 nucast packets:333 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:7 dropped:0 RX bytes:30702 (29.9 KB) TX bytes:510 (510.0 B) br3 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: bridge0 Ifidx: 4 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 0.0.0.0 netmask: 0.0.0.0 gateway: 0.0.0.0 broadcast: 255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:34 nucast packets:85732 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:7 dropped:0 RX bytes:129849724 (123.8 MB) TX bytes:546 (546.0 B) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:168 (168.0 B) TX bytes:168 (168.0 B) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: en5 list net interface: 4
删除网桥
删除一个名为 bridge0 的网桥,通过命令
netbr delbr [网桥接口名]
来实现。[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr delbr bridge0 net bridge device delete. [root@sylixos:/root]#
通过
ifconfig
命令查看上文添加的网桥已经被成功删除。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig en5 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: be:7a:3c:c9:9a:e5 Dev: dw_1 Ifidx: 6 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.130.210 netmask: 255.255.255.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.130.255 inet6 addr: fe80::bc7a:3cff:fec9:9ae5 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:8 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:588 (588.0 B) en4 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:11:22:33:44:98 Dev: dw_0 Ifidx: 5 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 10.4.120.211 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::211:22ff:fe33:4498 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:512 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:65535 RX ucast packets:37 nucast packets:43861 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:8 dropped:0 RX bytes:2699281 (2.5 MB) TX bytes:580 (580.0 B) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:3 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:168 (168.0 B) TX bytes:168 (168.0 B) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: en5 list net interface: 3
实际场景
通过网桥配置可以将一台 SylixOS 设备变成一个交换机,用于局域网通信。
当主机 A 想同时与主机 B、主机 C、主机 D 进行通信时,需要用到一台交换机。当手头没有交换机时,可以使用网桥配置将一台 SylixOS 设备变成一台交换机。
进入 SylixOS 设备的Shell界面,通过
ifconfig
命令查看网络接口信息。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig en6 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:12 Dev: e1000e_5 Ifidx: 7 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 10.7.130.100 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.7.0.1 broadcast: 10.7.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1012 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:43814 nucast packets:1065362 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:42161 nucast packets:9 dropped:0 RX bytes:77501180 (73.9 MB) TX bytes:2261243 (2.1 MB) en5 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:13 Dev: e1000e_4 Ifidx: 6 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 192.168.11.2 netmask: 255.255.255.0 gateway: 192.168.11.1 broadcast: 192.168.11.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1013 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:6 nucast packets:5459 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:7 nucast packets:133 dropped:0 RX bytes:483712 (472.3 KB) TX bytes:11144 (10.8 KB) en4 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:14 Dev: e1000e_3 Ifidx: 5 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 192.168.12.12 netmask: 255.255.255.0 gateway: 192.168.12.1 broadcast: 192.168.12.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1014 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:13 nucast packets:101 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:34 nucast packets:130 dropped:0 RX bytes:9936 (9.7 KB) TX bytes:13020 (12.7 KB) en3 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:15 Dev: e1000e_2 Ifidx: 4 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.0.94 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1015 Scope:Link<T0> UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) en2 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:16 Dev: e1000e_1 Ifidx: 3 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.0.93 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1016 Scope:Link<T0> UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) en1 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:17 Dev: e1000e_0 Ifidx: 2 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 10.4.0.92 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.4.0.1 broadcast: 10.4.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1017 Scope:Link<T0> UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:233 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:233 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:16108 (15.7 KB) TX bytes:16108 (15.7 KB) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: en6 list net interface: 7
创建一个网桥,并将网络接口 en1 ~ en5 添加到网桥上。
[root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addbr bridge0 [ifparam]No network parameter for [bridge0] from /etc/ifparam.ini, default parameters will be used. net bridge device add ok, if index: 8. [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en1 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en2 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en3 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en4 [root@sylixos:/root]# netbr addif bridge0 en5
通过
ifconfig
命令查看网络接口信息,并修改网桥接口 IP 地址。[root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br7 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:17 Dev: bridge0 Ifidx: 8 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 0.0.0.0 netmask: 0.0.0.0 gateway: 0.0.0.0 broadcast: 255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1017 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:1 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:12 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:0 nucast packets:7 dropped:0 RX bytes:842 (842.0 B) TX bytes:538 (538.0 B) en6 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr: 00:e0:67:08:10:12 Dev: e1000e_5 Ifidx: 7 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: 1000 Mbps inet addr: 10.7.130.100 netmask: 255.255.0.0 gateway: 10.7.0.1 broadcast: 10.7.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:67ff:fe08:1012 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:131070 RX ucast packets:43986 nucast packets:1066679 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:42325 nucast packets:9 dropped:0 RX bytes:77601757 (74.0 MB) TX bytes:2275192 (2.1 MB) lo0 Link encap: Local Loopback Dev: N/A Ifidx: 1 DHCP: D4 D6 Spd: N/A inet addr: 127.0.0.1 netmask: 255.0.0.0 P-to-P: 127.0.0.1 broadcast: N/A inet6 addr: ::1 Scope:Loopback UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:0 Metric:1 collisions:0 txqueue:0 tcpaf:2 tcpwnd:262140 RX ucast packets:233 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 TX ucast packets:233 nucast packets:0 dropped:0 RX bytes:16108 (15.7 KB) TX bytes:16108 (15.7 KB) dns0: 0.0.0.0 dns1: 0.0.0.0 dns2: 0.0.0.0 dns3: 0.0.0.0 default device is: en6 list net interface: 3 [root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br7 inet 192.168.11.3 [root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br7 netmask 255.255.255.0 [root@sylixos:/root]# ifconfig br7 gateway 192.168.11.1
打开主机 A 的Shell界面,对主机 B、主机 C 发送 ping 包,通信正常,证明 SylixOS 设备的网桥配置有效。
[root@sylixos:/root]# ping 192.168.11.4 Pinging 192.168.11.4 Reply from 192.168.11.4: bytes=32 time=0.295ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.4: bytes=32 time=0.215ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.4: bytes=32 time=0.201ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.4: bytes=32 time=0.205ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.11.4: Packets: Send = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0(0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0.201ms, Maximum = 0.295ms, Average = 0.229ms [root@sylixos:/root]# ping 192.168.11.6 Pinging 192.168.11.6 Reply from 192.168.11.6: bytes=32 time=0.292ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.6: bytes=32 time=0.208ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.6: bytes=32 time=0.225ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.11.6: bytes=32 time=0.212ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.11.6: Packets: Send = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0(0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0.208ms, Maximum = 0.292ms, Average = 0.234ms [root@sylixos:/root]#